Each of us has 4 heart valves. It can happen that the valve leaflets of these 4 valves either no longer close completely or do not open properly.This can be caused by calcification, inflammatory conditions, congenital anomalies, or degenerative processes. A thorough examination of the functioning of the heart valves can easily be carried out using echocardiography. In addition, a cardiac catheterization examination may be necessary. Treatment of disorders of the heart valves involves drug therapy or surgery.